{
  "updated": "2026-08-17",
  "claims": [
    {
      "slug": "pong",
      "claim": "Cultured neurons learned to play Pong",
      "status": "Peer-reviewed experiment",
      "grade": "Strong for task adaptation",
      "summary": "DishBrain coupled human and mouse cortical cultures to a simulated Pong environment. Performance changed during closed-loop interaction; interpretation of the mechanism remains debated.",
      "source": "https://www.cell.com/neuron/fulltext/S0896-6273(22)00806-6",
      "source_type": "Peer-reviewed paper",
      "checked": "2026-08-17"
    },
    {
      "slug": "doom",
      "claim": "A living-neuron computer played Doom",
      "status": "Public company demonstration",
      "grade": "Demonstrated · company evidence",
      "summary": "Cortical Labs has published a CL1 Doom demonstration. The public evidence supports a real closed-loop demo; there is no peer-reviewed Doom study in the source record used here.",
      "source": "https://corticallabs.com/doom.html",
      "source_type": "Company demonstration",
      "checked": "2026-08-17"
    },
    {
      "slug": "cl1-first",
      "claim": "CL1 is the world's first code-deployable biological computer",
      "status": "Company positioning",
      "grade": "Narrow claim",
      "summary": "Cortical Labs uses this description for CL1. Earlier living-neural systems existed, so the wording depends on the qualifiers code-deployable and commercial device.",
      "source": "https://corticallabs.com/",
      "source_type": "Company claim",
      "checked": "2026-08-17"
    },
    {
      "slug": "six-months",
      "claim": "CL1 can maintain neurons for up to six months",
      "status": "Commercial specification",
      "grade": "Company specification",
      "summary": "Cortical Labs currently states that CL1's life-support environment can keep neurons alive for up to six months.",
      "source": "https://corticallabs.com/cl1",
      "source_type": "Company specification",
      "checked": "2026-08-17"
    },
    {
      "slug": "finalspark-remote",
      "claim": "Researchers can run remote experiments on human neural organoids",
      "status": "Peer-reviewed platform",
      "grade": "Strong",
      "summary": "FinalSpark's Neuroplatform exposes stimulation, recording and platform controls through remote software access; its architecture was described in a peer-reviewed 2024 paper.",
      "source": "https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/artificial-intelligence/articles/10.3389/frai.2024.1376042/full",
      "source_type": "Peer-reviewed platform paper",
      "checked": "2026-08-17"
    },
    {
      "slug": "organoid-learning",
      "claim": "Cortical organoids can improve on a goal-directed control task",
      "status": "Peer-reviewed experiment",
      "grade": "Strong for the reported protocol",
      "summary": "A 2026 Cell Reports study reported improved cart-pole performance under reinforcement-learning-selected stimulation, with pharmacological evidence implicating synaptic transmission.",
      "source": "https://www.cell.com/cell-reports/fulltext/S2211-1247(26)00062-8",
      "source_type": "Peer-reviewed paper",
      "checked": "2026-08-17"
    },
    {
      "slug": "energy",
      "claim": "Biocomputers use dramatically less energy than silicon AI",
      "status": "Open engineering question",
      "grade": "Unproven at complete-system level",
      "summary": "Neural tissue itself operates at low power, but fair comparison requires life support, sensing, stimulation, control electronics and matched task performance. A general complete-system advantage remains unestablished.",
      "source": "https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/artificial-intelligence/articles/10.3389/frai.2024.1376042/full",
      "source_type": "Peer-reviewed platform/context",
      "checked": "2026-08-17"
    },
    {
      "slug": "conscious",
      "claim": "Current biocomputers are conscious",
      "status": "Unsupported",
      "grade": "No accepted evidence",
      "summary": "Current experiments measure neural dynamics, task responses and plasticity. There is no accepted test establishing consciousness in these systems.",
      "source": "https://www.frontiersin.org/journals/artificial-intelligence/articles/10.3389/frai.2023.1307613/full",
      "source_type": "Peer-reviewed ethics/review article",
      "checked": "2026-08-17"
    }
  ]
}